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  • Giovanni Caproni<br>(1918) Giovanni Caproni<br>(1918)
    Giovanni Caproni
    (1918)
  • Caproni Ca.1 (Malpensa - 1910) Caproni Ca.1 (Malpensa - 1910)
    Caproni Ca.1 (Malpensa - 1910)
  • Giovanni Caproni Giovanni Caproni
    Giovanni Caproni
  • Caproni Ca.60 (1921) Caproni Ca.60 (1921)
    Caproni Ca.60 (1921)
  • Caproni Ca.100 idro Caproni Ca.100 idro
    Caproni Ca.100 idro
  • Caproni Ca.31 Caproni Ca.31
    Caproni Ca.31
  • Caproni Ca.316 Caproni Ca.316
    Caproni Ca.316
  • Caproni Ca.32 (with Gianni Caproni - Taliedo, 1915) Caproni Ca.32 (with Gianni Caproni - Taliedo, 1915)
    Caproni Ca.32 (with Gianni Caproni - Taliedo, 1915)
  • Caproni Ca.40 Caproni Ca.40
    Caproni Ca.40
  • Giovanni Caproni (Left) and his brother Giovanni Caproni (Left) and his brother
    Giovanni Caproni (Left) and his brother
  • Caproni Ca.90 Caproni Ca.90
    Caproni Ca.90
  • Le submersible Caproni CB Le submersible Caproni CB
    Le submersible Caproni CB
  • The Stipa-Caproni The Stipa-Caproni
    The Stipa-Caproni
  • Caproni-Campini C.C.2 Caproni-Campini C.C.2
    Caproni-Campini C.C.2
  • Caproni Ca.309 Caproni Ca.309
    Caproni Ca.309
  • Caproni Ca.163 Caproni Ca.163
    Caproni Ca.163
  • "XXV anni aviazione" "XXV anni aviazione"
    "XXV anni aviazione"
  • At the Trento museo Gianni Caproni At the Trento museo Gianni Caproni
    At the Trento museo Gianni Caproni
  • Giovanni Battista Caproni (1940) Giovanni Battista Caproni (1940)
    Giovanni Battista Caproni (1940)
  • Caproni Max 250cc Caproni Max 250cc
    Caproni Max 250cc
  • The Vizzola factory The Vizzola factory
    The Vizzola factory
  • Caproni Ca.311 Caproni Ca.311
    Caproni Ca.311

Giovanni Battista Caproni

Massone d'Arco, July 3, 1886 – † Rome, October 27, 1957

Giovanni Battista Caproni, 1st Count of Taliedo, known as "Gianni" Caproni, was an Italian aeronautical engineer, civil engineer, electrical engineer, and aircraft designer who founded the Caproni aircraft-manufacturing company.

Early life and education

Caproni was born on July 3, 1886 in Massone, which at the time was in Austria-Hungary but became a part of Italy in 1919. In 1907 he received a degree in civil engineering from the Technical University Munich. A year later he received a doctoral degree in electrical engineering from the University of Liège.

Career

In 1907 and 1908, Caproni gained experience in the construction of aircraft engines; he also collaborated with the Romanian aircraft designer Henri Coandă, whom he had met at l'Istituto Montefiori di Liegi, in the building of sailplanes. In 1908, he founded the Caproni factory in the Taliedo district of Milan, Italy, to manufacture biplanes. In 1909 he opened an industrial airport near the Cascina Malpensa – today's Milan–Malpensa Airport – to manufacture and test his aircraft. In 1910, he designed and built his first powered aircraft, the Caproni Ca. 1, an experimental biplane which was the first aircraft built in Italy. It was destroyed during its first flight on May 27, 1910.

In 1911, the year his company was named Società de Agostini e Caproni, he switched to monoplane construction, in which he had greater success. In 1914, he tested Italy's first multi-engined aircraft, a three-engine biplane later dubbed the Caproni Ca.31. After Italy entered World War I in 1915, he devoted his efforts to designing and constructing bombers. His company later was renamed Società Caproni e Comitti.

Caproni was an early proponent of the development of passenger aircraft, and developed a variant of the Ca.4 bomber into the Ca.48 airliner. Although it made a very favorable impression on the public when first displayed, the Ca.48 probably never entered airline service, and on August 2, 1919, a Ca.48 crashed near Verona, Italy, killing everyone on board (14, 15, or 17 people, according to various sources) in Italy's first commercial aviation disaster and one of the earliest – and, at the time, the deadliest – airliner accidents in history. In 1921, he built the prototype of a giant transatlantic passenger seaplane, the Caproni Ca.60 Noviplano, with a capacity of 100 passengers, but it proved unstable and crashed on its second flight. He also designed gliders.

Between World War I and World War II, he devoted most of his effort to the design and production of bombers and light transport aircraft, and his company manufactured the early Stipa-Caproni and Caproni Campini N.1, the ducted fan experimental aircraft which were precursors of true jet aircraft. During this period, his company became Società Italiana Caproni, a major conglomerate which purchased other manufacturers, creating subsidiaries which included Caproni Bergamasca and Caproni Vizzola, although the assertion that Caproni also purchased the Reggiane company to form a "Caproni Reggiane" subsidiary is a myth. Caproni was granted the title Conte di Taliedo (Count of Taliedo, or Earl of Taliedo) during the interwar period.

The Caproni company produced aircraft for the Regia Aeronautica (Italian Royal Air Force) during World War II – primarily bombers, transports, seaplanes, and trainers, although the Caproni Vizzola subsidiary also built several fighter prototypes.

The Società Italiana Caproni conglomerate ceased operations in 1950, although its last vestige, the Caproni Vizzola subsidiary, survived until 1983.

Death

Caproni died in Rome on October 27, 1957.

Gianni Caproni Museum of Aeronautics

The Gianni Caproni Museum of Aeronautics (Italian: Museo dell'Aeronautica Gianni Caproni) is Italy's oldest aviation museum, as well as the country's oldest corporate museum. It was established in 1927 as the Caproni Museum (Museo Caproni) by Giovanni Caproni and his wife, Timina Guasti Caproni.

The museum was originally located in Taliedo, in the suburbs of Milan. The aircraft in the collection were moved to Venegono Superiore during World War II, and the exhibition was reopened in Vizzola Ticino (in the province of Varese) in the 1960s. At the end of the 1980s, the museum moved to its present location. The current museum building, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of Trento and adjacent to the Trento Airport (itself dedicated to the memory of Gianni Caproni), was opened on 3 October 1992.

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