Su-9 & Su-11 "Fishpot" @·AIRCRAFTUBE

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Sukhoi Su-9

The Sukhoi Su-9 (NATO reporting name: Fishpot) was a single-engine, all-weather, missile-armed interceptor aircraft developed by the Soviet Union.

Development

The Su-9 emerged from aerodynamic studies by TsAGI, the Soviet aerodynamic center, during the Korean War, which devised several optimum aerodynamic configurations for jet fighters. The design first flew in 1956 as the T-405 prototype. The Su-9 was developed at the same time as the Su-7 "Fitter", and both were first seen by the West at the Tushino Aviation Day on 24 June 1956, where the Su-9 was dubbed Fitter-B. It entered service in 1959.

Total production of the Su-9 was about 1,100 aircraft. It is believed that at least some Su-9s were upgraded to Su-11 "Fishpot-C" form. None were exported to any of the USSR's client states nor to the Warsaw Pact nations. Remaining Su-9s and later Su-11s were retired during the 1970s. Some were retained as test vehicles or converted to remote-piloted vehicles for use as unmanned aerial vehicles. It was replaced by the upgraded Su-11 and the much-superior Su-15 "Flagon" and MiG-25 "Foxbat".

The combat record of the "Fishpot", if any, is unknown. It is possible that it was involved in the interception (or even shoot-down) of reconnaissance missions whose details remain classified, but nothing is publicly admitted.

It was reported that a Su-9 was involved in the interception of Francis Gary Powers' U-2 on Soviet territory on 1 May 1960. A newly manufactured Su-9 which was in transit flight happened to be near Powers' U-2. The Su-9 was unarmed and was directed to ram the U-2. One ramming attempt was made and the Su-9 missed the U-2, primarily due to large difference in the speed of the two planes. No further ramming attempt was made due to Su-9's lack of fuel.

On September 4, 1959 a modified Su-9 (designated T-43-1 by the bureau) piloted by Vladimir Sergeievitch Ilyushin set a new world record for absolute height, at 28,852 m (94,658 ft). In November of the same year Ilyushin set several new sustained speed/altitude records in the same aircraft. This record was later broken on 6 December 1959 by Commander Lawrence E. Flint, Jr., who performed a zoom climb to a world record of 98,557 ft (30,040 m) while piloting an F4H-1 Phantom.

Design

The Su-9's fuselage and tail surfaces resembled those of the Su-7, but unlike the swept wing of that aircraft, the "Fishpot" used a 53° delta wing with conventional slab tailplanes. It shared Sukhoi features like the rear-fuselage air brakes as well as the Su-7's Lyulka AL-7 turbojet engine and nose intake. The translating shock cone contains the radar set.

The Su-9 was developed from earlier work on a developmental aircraft designated T-3, to which the Su-9 was very nearly identical. Internally at Sukhoi, the Su-9 was known as the T-43.

The delta wing of the Su-9 was adopted because of its lower drag in the supersonic flight regime. Its greater volume also allowed a very modest increase in fuel capacity compared to the Su-7. The Su-9 was capable of Mach 1.8 at altitude, or about Mach 1.14 with missiles. Its fuel fraction remained minimal, however, and operational radius was limited. Furthermore, rotation speeds were even higher than the Su-7, which was already high at 360 km/h (225 mph). Unlike the Su-7, which had very heavy controls but docile handling characteristics, the "Fishpot" had light and responsive controls, but was very unforgiving of pilot error.

The Su-9 had primitive R1L (NATO reporting name "High Fix") radar in the shock cone and was armed with four K-5 (AA-1 "Alkali") beam-riding air-to-air missiles. Like all beam-riders, the K-5 was so limited as to be nearly useless for air-to-air combat. Unlike the Su-7 and later Su-15, no Su-9 carried cannon armament, although two fuselage pylons were reserved for the carriage of drop tanks.

A two-seat trainer version, designated Su-9U, was also produced in limited numbers (about 50 aircraft). It received the NATO reporting name "Maiden". It had a full armament and radar system with displays in both cockpits, allowing trainees to practice all aspects of the interception mission, but because the second seat further reduced the already meager fuel fraction, it was not truly combat-capable.

The Su-9 has been frequently mistaken for the MiG-21 due to the many similarities in design. The primary distinguishing factors are size and the Su-9's bubble canopy.

Variants

  • T-405 : Prototype of the Su-9.
  • Su-9 : Main production version, about 1,100 built.
  • Su-9U : Training version, armed and equipped with all operational systems but not fully combat ready, about 50 built.
  • T-431 : Su-9 modified for setting of the world record for absolute height in 1962.
  • Sukhoi Su-11 : Development of the Su-9.

Operators

  • Soviet Anti-Air Defense : 894th Fighter Aviation Regiment, Ozernoye, Ukraine, 1959-1979.

Sukhoi Su-11

The Su-11 was an upgraded version of the Sukhoi Su-9 ('Fishpot') interceptor, which had been developed in parallel with the OKB's swept wing Su-7 fighter bomber. Recognizing the Su-9's fundamental limitations, Sukhoi began work on the Su-11, which first flew in 1961 as the T-47 prototype.

The Su-11 shared the Su-9's delta wing, swept tailplanes and cigar-shaped fuselage, as well as the circular nose intake, but had a longer nose to accommodate the more powerful 'Oryol' (Eagle; NATO reporting name 'Skip Spin') radar set. A more powerful Lyulka AL-7F-1 turbojet was installed, providing 9.8 kN (2,210 lbf) more afterburning thrust for improved climb rate and high-altitude performance (and to compensate for increased weight). The Su-11 can be distinguished from the Su-9 by the external fuel pipes atop the fuselage, aft of the cockpit.

The Su-9's beam-riding K-5 missiles were replaced by a pair of R-98 (AA-3 'Anab') weapons, usually one R-98MR semi-active radar homing and one R-98MT infrared guided. Like many interceptors of the period, it had no cannon.

Production of the definitive Su-11-8M began in 1962, ended in 1965, after about 108 aircraft had been delivered, although it is believed that at least some Su-9s were upgraded to Su-11 form.

A conversion trainer version, the Su-11U 'Maiden,' was also developed. Similar to the Su-9U, it had full armament and radar systems for training purposes. Because the second seat further reduced its already marginal fuel capacity, it was not really intended for combat use.

Operational history

Development problems and accidents delayed squadron introduction with the Soviet Air Force (VVS)/ Soviet Air Defence Forces (PVO) until 1964 and only small number of aircraft were delivered.

Even with the superior radar, the Su-11 remained heavily dependent on ground control interception (GCI) to vector its pilot onto targets. It had no capability against low-flying aircraft either, and Sukhoi OKB considered the Su-11 to be a misfire, much inferior to the far more formidable Su-15 ('Flagon'). Nevertheless a few examples remained operational until the early 1980s. The last Su-11s left front-line service around 1983.

Operators

  • Soviet Air Force (VVS).
  • Soviet Air Defence Forces (PVO).

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This text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Source : Article Sukhoi Su-11 of Wikipedia ( authors )

Sukhoi Su-11

  • Role : Interceptor aircraft.
  • National origin : Soviet Union.
  • Manufacturer : Sukhoi.
  • First flight : 25 December 1958.
  • Introduction : 1964.
  • Retired : 1983.
  • Primary user : Soviet Air Forces.
  • Produced : 1962–1965.
  • Number built : 108.
  • Developed from : Sukhoi Su-9.

    • Specifications (Su-11-8M)

  • Crew : 1.
  • Length : 18.29 m (60 ft).
  • Height : 4.88 m (16 ft).
  • Wingspan : 8.43 m (27 ft 8 in).
  • Wing area : 34 m² (366 ft²).
  • Wing loading : 400 kg/m² (82 lb/ft²).
  • Empty weight : 9,000 kg (20,000 lb).
  • Loaded weight : 13,600 kg (30,000 lb).
  • Maximum speed : Mach 2.2 (2,340 km/h; 1,454 mph) at 11,000 m (36,000 ft).
  • Combat range : 500 km (312 mi; 270 nmi).
  • Ferry range : 1,125 km (703 mi; 607 nmi).
  • Service ceiling : 17,000 m (55,760 ft).
  • Rate of climb : 136.7 m/s (27,000 ft/min).
  • Powerplant : One Lyulka AL-7F-1 turbojet.
  • Thrust : 96 kN (21,164 lbf).
  • Thrust/weight : 0.71.
  • Armament : Four K-8 air-to-air missiles.

— — — = = — — —

This text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Source : Article Sukhoi Su-11 of Wikipedia ( authors )
Sukhoi Su-9 "Fishpot-B" & Su-11 "Fishpot-C" : Your comments on this subject
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