(Martin) 167 Maryland @·AIRCRAFTUBE

  • XA-22 Prototype - 1939 XA-22 Prototype - 1939
    XA-22 Prototype - 1939
  • Martin 167<br>(1940) Martin 167<br>(1940)
    Martin 167
    (1940)
  • Martin 167F - Aleppo - 1941 (French captured) Martin 167F - Aleppo - 1941 (French captured)
    Martin 167F - Aleppo - 1941 (French captured)
  • Martin A-22 Maryland - Libya - 1941 Martin A-22 Maryland - Libya - 1941
    Martin A-22 Maryland - Libya - 1941
  • Martin 167 Maryland Martin 167 Maryland
    Martin 167 Maryland
  • Martin XA-22 - 1939 Martin XA-22 - 1939
    Martin XA-22 - 1939
  • RAF Martin 167 (North Africa) RAF Martin 167 (North Africa)
    RAF Martin 167 (North Africa)
  • Martin 167 Maryland Martin 167 Maryland
    Martin 167 Maryland
  • SAAF SAAF
    SAAF
  • Martin 167<br>39 Sqn RAF<br>F.24 aerial camera Martin 167<br>39 Sqn RAF<br>F.24 aerial camera
    Martin 167
    39 Sqn RAF
    F.24 aerial camera
  • Martin 167 Maryland Martin 167 Maryland
    Martin 167 Maryland
  • XA-22 prototype XA-22 prototype
    XA-22 prototype
  • Martin 167 Maryland Martin 167 Maryland
    Martin 167 Maryland
  • SAAF Maryland II SAAF Maryland II
    SAAF Maryland II
  • XA-22 XA-22
    XA-22
  • RAF Martin 167 RAF Martin 167
    RAF Martin 167
  • Martin 167 Maryland Martin 167 Maryland
    Martin 167 Maryland
  • Martin Maryland - Bolling Field - 1940 Martin Maryland - Bolling Field - 1940
    Martin Maryland - Bolling Field - 1940
  • SAAF Martin 167 Maryland SAAF Martin 167 Maryland
    SAAF Martin 167 Maryland
  • Martin 167 Maryland - Malta Martin 167 Maryland - Malta
    Martin 167 Maryland - Malta
  • Martin 167 Mk.I - Burtonwood - c1941 Martin 167 Mk.I - Burtonwood - c1941
    Martin 167 Mk.I - Burtonwood - c1941
  • Martin Maryland Mk.I<br>1941 Martin Maryland Mk.I<br>1941
    Martin Maryland Mk.I
    1941
  • RAF Martin 167 RAF Martin 167
    RAF Martin 167
  • SAAF<br>Martin 167 SAAF<br>Martin 167
    SAAF
    Martin 167
  • Martin 167 XA-22 Maryland Martin 167 XA-22 Maryland
    Martin 167 XA-22 Maryland
  • Martin 167F - Bombing Group GB I-39 (Vichy) - Syria 1941 Martin 167F - Bombing Group GB I-39 (Vichy) - Syria 1941
    Martin 167F - Bombing Group GB I-39 (Vichy) - Syria 1941
  • Martin A-22<br>Maryland<br>(1941) Martin A-22<br>Maryland<br>(1941)
    Martin A-22
    Maryland
    (1941)

Martin 167 (Maryland)

The Martin Model 167 was an American-designed light bomber that first flew in 1939. It saw action in World War II with France and the United Kingdom, where it was called the Maryland.

Design and development

In response to a U.S. Army Air Corps light bomber requirement issued in 1938, the Glenn L. Martin Company produced their Model 167, which was given the official designation XA-22. Martin's design was a twin-engine fully metallic monoplane, capable of around 310 mph (500 km/h) and carrying a crew of three. The bombardier sat in the nose below the cockpit, and self-defense was provided by a mid-upper twin-machine gun turret, as well as four forward firing light machine guns in the wings.

The XA-22 was not adopted for operational service in the U.S., as the contract was won by Douglas with its DB-7, but Martin received foreign orders, and about 450 of these relatively fast, twin-engined bombers were built.

The prototype Model 167W was powered by twin-row Pratt & Whitney R-1830-37 “Twin Wasp” engines, which were replaced in French production aircraft by single-row Wright “Cyclone 9” engines (the Twin Wasps were then restored for the British Maryland). All versions of the Model 167 were armed with six machine guns, four fixed guns in the wings (mainly for ground attack), one dorsal gun and one ventral gun. In the prototype these guns were all 0.30 in Browning machine guns. The dorsal gun was mounted in a fully retractable turret. The French aircraft used license built Belgian Fabrique Nationale FN-Brownings, and used a lighter semi-retractable dorsal turret. The weight saved helped to increase the top speed to 288 mph.

The Model 167 was a fairly typical twin engined bomber. The crew of three were carried in two isolated compartments – pilot and bombardier in the nose and the gunner in a separate rear compartment, isolated by a bulkhead. The most unusual feature of the Model 167 was the very narrow width of the fuselage.

Glenn L. Martin doubled the size of their Baltimore factory, and built all 115 aircraft in six months, but they were then prevented from delivering them by a US arms embargo. Despite this the French placed an order for another 100 aircraft. The embargo was finally lifted in October 1939, and the 115 aircraft from the first order were delivered by the end of November 1939. After this impressively speedy start, things slowed down, and only 25 of the second batch of aircraft had reached France before the Armistice of June 1940.

Operational history

French service

Facing a massive German arms buildup and desperate for modern aircraft, the French Air Force purchased U.S. aircraft of numerous types in the late 1930s. Martin received an order for more than 200 167 Fs which incorporated French-specific equipment such as metric instruments. French officials expected the deliveries to begin in January 1939 but the type, locally designated Glenn Martin 167 A-3 only entered service in early 1940.

Notably, because of the U.S. embargo on arms exports after the beginning of World War II, many aircraft were impounded for two months before being shipped to Europe. When the Germans eventually invaded France there were only four Groupes de bombardement (bomber squadrons) equipped. The Glenns were quickly sent to the front lines where they performed well with their adequate speed and excellent maneuverability for an aircraft in this class. They sometimes had a chance to avoid enemy fighters. In about 400 sorties versus the Germans, they suffered a loss rate of only 4%, much better than the 16% endured by LeO 451s and their crews above the same targets.

Immediately before the June 1940 Armistice, units flying the Glenn Martin 167 were evacuated to French North Africa to avoid capture by the Germans. One of them landed in Spain and was interned, being tested by the Spanish Air Force. Some examples were transferred to the Aéronautique Navale. During Vichy rule of the French empire, French Martins bombed British Commonwealth forces, most notably during the Syria-Lebanon campaign of 1941. As French North Africa got back in the Allied camp in 1943, M.167s were phased out of service and replaced with more modern Allied types, including Martin's B-26 Marauder.

Approximately 215 Martin 167s were delivered to France.

British service

Just before the Franco-German Armistice, the remaining 75 planes on the French order were signed over to the United Kingdom. Thirty-two aircraft had been completed to French specifications and were converted to British requirements in the UK. Engines were changed from the Cyclone 9 to the Pratt and Whitney Twin Wasp and various weapons and instruments were replaced. The last 43 of the order were completed as required by Glenn Martin. All these aircraft received the designation Maryland Mk.I. A further 150 aircraft had been ordered directly by Britain with two-speed superchargers on their Twin Wasps and were designated Maryland Mk.II.

Many of the aircraft were shipped to Egypt and Malta in time for the 1941 fighting there. The RAF used the aircraft to some effect for photo-reconnaissance operations in North and Eastern Africa, sometimes as a bomber, being faster and better armed than the Bristol Blenheim, but since it was a "rare bird", its role was mainly reconnaissance missions, often flown over the most important Italian targets. A Maryland bomber was the aircraft sent to gather photographs of the Italian fleet before and after the Battle of Taranto on 11 November 1940. The pilot of that Maryland was the famous ace Adrian Warburton, who scored his five confirmed kills with the Maryland's forward-firing guns - the only person ever to achieve ace status in a bomber type.

Three Maryland Mk.I aircraft were transferred to the British Fleet Air Arm and were mainly used for target towing duties. On 22 May 1941, a Maryland of 771 Naval Air Squadron based at Hatston in the Orkney Islands, reported that the German battleship Bismarck had left Bergen, confirming that she was breaking-out into the Atlantic.

Operators

  • France :
    • Armée de l'Air.
    • Aéronavale.
    • Free French Air Force.
  • Spain (franquist) : Ejercito del aire
  • South Africa :
    • South African Air Force.
  • United Kingdom :
    • Royal Air Force (Squadrons 39, 69, 203 and 223).
    • Fleet Air Arm.
  • USA : US Army Air Corps, only for testing (the XA-22).

— — — = = — — —

This text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Source : Article Martin Maryland of Wikipedia ( authors )

Specifications (Maryland Mk I)

  • Crew : 3 (Pilot, Navigator/Bomb Aimer/Gunner & Radio Operator/Gunner).
  • Length : 46 ft 8 in (14.2 m).
  • Height : 16 ft 3 in (5 m).
  • Wingspan : 61 ft 4 in (18.7 m).
  • Wing area : 537 ft² (49.9 m²).
  • Wing loading : 28.5 lb/ft² (139.1 kg/m²).
  • Empty weight : 10,586 lb (4,802 kg).
  • Loaded weight : 15,297 lb (6,939 kg).
  • Max. takeoff weight : 16,809 lb (7,624 kg).
  • Fuel capacity : 514 imperial gallons (2,336 litres).
  • Maximum speed : 304 mph (489 km/h) at 13,000 ft (3,962 m).
  • Cruise speed : 248 mph (399 km/h).
  • Range : 1,300 miles (2,100 km).
  • Service ceiling : 29,500 ft (8,991 m).
  • Rate of climb : 2,400 ft/min (12 m/s).
  • Powerplant : Two Pratt & Whitney R-1830-S1C3-G "Twin Wasp" radial engine
  • Power : 1,050 hp (900 kW) each.
  • Power/mass : 0.157 hp/lb (259 W/kg).
  • Propellers : 10 ft 11 in (3.3 m) Hamilton Standard 3T50 three-bladed constant-speed metal propellers.
  • Armament :
    • Guns : Four .303 (7.7 mm) Browning Mk II machine guns in outer wings with 750 rpg, one .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers K machine gun in dorsal and ventral step positions each with five 97-round magazines.
    • Bombs : 2,000 lb (907 kg) internally; (Usually four 500 lb (227 kg) bombs).

— — — = = — — —

This text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Source : Article Martin Maryland of Wikipedia ( authors )
Martin 167 Maryland : Your comments on this subject
Powered by Disqus
Top
Legal Credits FAQ Help Site Map

Terms of use for the services available on this site

By using this Website, Users agree to the following terms of use and rules :

Definitions

  • Webmaster : Head Administrator with all authority over the management and development of the Website.
  • Administrator : Anyone that was given by the Webmaster full or partial access to the Website's structure or with moderation rights on messages posted by Users.
  • User or Visitor : Any person visiting the Website pages.
  • Website : The following provisions apply to a single Website accessible via the www.aircraftube.com, www.aircraftube.org, www.aircraftube.net and www.all-aircraft.com. URL's
  • Service : All free informations and tools contained on the Website.
  • Comments : All text written by users on Blogs and comment pages available on the Website.
  • Media : All media available on or through the Website. One must distinguish the local media (photos, curves, drawings) and the external media (videos) which the Website refers.

    • Purpose of this site

    The purpose of this non-commercial site is purely educational. Reflecting a passion, it is also there to preserve the memory of all those who gave their lives, their health or energy in the name of freedom, aviation safety or simply our passenger comfort.

    Copyright

    Some media may have escaped the vigilance of Administrators with regard to copyrights. If a user reports copyright infringement, he will be asked to prove that he is indeed the rights's owner for the concerned media. If so, his decision on the Administrator's next action will be respected: A total suppression of the Media on the Website, or the addition of some owner's reference. The publication of a media on the internet normally having as a goal to make it visible to many people, the Administrators expect in any case that the second option will be most often chosen.

    Pursuant to the Law on copyright and related rights, the user has the right to download and reproduce information on the Website for personal use and provided that the source is mentionned. They cannot however be used for commercial or advertising purposes.

    Using Blogs and filing comments

  • Moderator : The Administrator reserves the right to prevent the publication of comments that are not directly related to the Service without providing any explanation. Similarly, all insults, out of scope or unethical material will be banned.
  • Identification : Persons wishing to post a comment or use any form of contact are required to provide identification by the means of a valid e-mail address.
  • Responsibilities : Comments are posted on the Website under the unique responsability of their authors and the Administrators may in no case be liable for any statements or claims that the users might have issued.

    • As the comment system is hosted and maintained on servers external to the Website, the Administrators may in no circumstances be held responsible for the use that administrators of these servers or other third parties may have with those comments or filed data.

    Content Liability

    The Administrators carefully check the reliability of the sources used. They cannot, however, guarantee the accuracy of any information contained on the Website, partly because of the multiple sources from which they come.

    JavaScript and cookies - Storing information

    This Website imperatively uses JavaScript and cookies to function properly. Neither of these technologies, or other means shall in no case be used on the Website for the retention or disclosure of personal information about Visitors. Exceptions to this rule will involve storing the Users banned for inappropriate comments they might have given as well as contact information for Users wishing to subscribe to future newsletters.

    When a user accesses the Website, the corresponding servers may automatically collect certain data, such as IP address, date and time of Website access, viewed pages and the type of browser used. This information is kept only for the purpose of measuring the number of visitors to the different sections of the site and make improvements.

    Donations - Advertising

    To continue providing the Service for free, the Webmaster reserves the right to insert advertising or promotional messages on any page of the Site. In the same idea, any donations will only by used to cover the running costs of the site, such as hosting, connection fees, hardware and software necessary for the development and maintenance of the Website.

    Links and other websites

    Administrators shall in no case be liable for the non-availability of websites operated by third parties to which users would access through the Website.

    Administrators assume no liability for any content, advertising, products and/or services available on such third party websites. It is reminded that those sites are governed by their own terms of use.

    Placing a link to third party sites or authorize a third party to include a link on their website refering to this Website does not mean that the Administrators recommend in any way the products or services offered by these websites.

    Modifications

    The Webmaster reserves the right to modify at any time without notification the present terms of use as well as all content or specific functionality that the Website offers.

    The modified terms and conditions immediately apply to the using Visitor when changes come online. Visitors are invited to consult the site regularly on the most current version of the terms and conditions

    Governing Law and Jurisdiction

    These general conditions are governed by Belgian law.

    In case of dispute regarding the interpretation and/or execution of the above terms, the parties agree that the courts of the district of Nivelles, Belgium shall have exclusive jurisdiction power.

    Credits page

    Wikipedia.org

    Wikipedia is a collaboratively edited, multilingual, free Internet encyclopedia.

    Youtube

    YouTube is a video-sharing website on which users can upload, view and share videos.

    Special thanks to all Youtube quality aviation vids providers, specially (Those I forgot, please excuse me or report) :

    Airboyd
    Andys Video
    Aviation videos archives
    Bomberguy
    Classic Aviation TV
    Historical Aviation Film Unit
    Horsemoney
    Jaglavaksoldier
    Joluqa Malta
    Just Planes
    Koksy
    Classic Airliners & Vintage Pop Culture
    Memorial Flight
    Octane130
    Okrajoe
    SDASM archives
    Spottydog4477
    The Aviators TV
    Valentin Izagirre Bengoetxea
    Vexed123
    VonBerlich
    Zenos Warbirds

    Bundesarchiv

    The German Federal Archives or Bundesarchiv are the National Archives of Germany.

    FAQ

    I don't see my comments any more!

    Please note that each page has it's own comment entry. So, if you enter a comment i.e. on the B-747, you will only see it on that related page.

    General comments are accessed via the "BLOG En" button.

    Comments are moderated, so please allow some delay before they appear, specially if you are outside Europe.

    Menus are developing below the page, because they are too long!

    But they remain accessible, for example by scrolling the mouse wheel, or with your finger (on the menu) on a smartphone or tablet.

    I see adds on all videos.

    Use a good free add remover software.

    The site is loading random pages at startup.

    We think it is a good way to bring back the memory of aircraft, persons or events sometimes quite forgotten.

    HELP PAGE

    Why this site?

    Discovery

    This website is dedicated to one's aeronautical passion (which I hope we share) and was realised mainly as an educationnal tool. Knowing that, you'll notice that each new visit brings random topics for the purpose of making new discoveries, some achievements or characters certainly not deserving the oblivion into which they have sometimes fallen.

    By these pages, we also want to pay tribute to all those who gave at one time or another, their lives or health in the name of freedom, aeronautical security or simply our comfort.

    Centralisation

    Internet is full of websites dedicated to aviation, but most are dedicated to subjects or periods that are very limited in space or time. The purpose of this site is to be as general as possible and thus treats all events as well as characters of all stripes and times while putting much emphasis on the most significant achievements.

    The same years saw birth of technologies like photography and cinema, thus permitting illustration of a large part of important aeronautical events from the start. Countless (and sometimes rare) media recently put online by enthousiasts finally give us access to these treasures, but the huge amount of information often makes things a little messy. A centralization effort is obviously most needed at this level.

    All persons who directly or indirectly contributed to the achievement or posting of such documents are here gratefully acknowledged.

    General

    Fluid website

    This site automatically fits the dimensions of your screen, whether you are on a desktop computer, a tablet or a smartphone.

    Bilingual website

    You can change the language by clicking on the flag in the upper left or via "Options" in the central menu. Of course, the videos remain in the language in which they were posted ...

    Browser compatibility

    The site is not optimized, or even designed to run on older browsers or those deliberately deviating from standards. You will most probably encounter display issues with Internet Explorer. In this case, it is strongly recommended installing a modern (and free!) browser that's respecting the standards, like Firefox, Opera, Chrome or Safari.

    Cookies and Javascript

    This site uses cookies and JavaScript to function properly. Please ensure that your browser is configured accordingly. Neither of these technologies, or other means shall in no case be used on the Site for the retention or disclosure of personal information about its Visitors. See the "Legal" page for more on this subject.

    Website layout

    Left menus

    Because of the lack of space on smartphones and small tablets, these menus are hidden. Everything is nevertheless accessible via the main menu option, located between the video and photo sections. This menu is placed there for compatibility reasons with some browsers, which play the videos over the menus.

    "Search" and "Latest" :
    The link "In Titles" restricts the search to the titles of different forms. Use this option if you are looking for a plane, a constructor, a pilot or a particular event that could have been treated as a subject.

    The link "In Stories" will bring you to a search in all texts (the "Story" tab) and will take more time. The search term will appear highlighted in green when opening the corresponding story.

    Would you believe, "Timeline" will show all subjects in chronological order.

    "Random" will reload the entire page with a new random topic.

    The bottom section keeps you abreast of the latest five entries. New topics are added regularly. Don't hesitate to come visit us often : add bookmark.

    Blogs and Comments central section

    Under the photos section comes the comments tabs window :

    You can enter general comments in your own language via one of the two buttons on the left (BLOG EN and BLOG FR). Note that these buttons are accessible regardless of the language to allow some participation in the other language.

    All comments are subject to moderation and will be published only if they comply with the basic rules of decorum, while remaining relevant to the purpose of this site.

    The third tab allows you to enter comments on the shown topic and is bilingual. Personal anecdotes, supplements and other information questions will take place here.

    The "Story" tab shows the explanatory texts. They are most often taken from Wikipedia, a site where we participate regularly.

    The "Data" tab is reserved for list of features and specifications.

    Right menus

    On a smartphone, the lack of space is growing and this menu is moved to the bottom of the page to give priority to videos and pictures.

    The top right icons are links to videos posted by third parties (on their own responsabilities) or by ourselves. The link below these icons will take you to the channel of the one who posted the video. Feel free to suggest other videos if you think they are of some interest (Use the BLOG button or the "Contact" link).