(Vickers) Viscount @·AIRCRAFTUBE

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Vickers Viscount

The Vickers Viscount has been the first turboprop airliner to enter service in the world. Built as a medium-range transport, it became one of the most successful post war transports and a total of 445 machines were built between 1948 and 1964. It was a smooth flying aircraft particularly appreciated by passengers and that quickly made the aircraft very popular with US and Canadian operators. In England, BEA and British Airways operated the Viscount until the 1980s', but the model was used by charter operators and foreign airlines for a much longer period. Military forces also used the Viscount in Australia, Brazil, China, India, Oman, Pakistan, South Africa, Turkey and United Kingdom.

Type IIA

The Viscount originated from the Brabazon Committee proposals for a civil 24 seat short/medium range transport powered by turboprop engines. Their Type IIB design would carry 24 passengers on a 1,750 miles (2,816 km) distance at 200 mph (322 km/h). The Type IIA had been designed as a twin piston engine aircraft that was later built as the Airspeed Ambassador.

Type 630

BEA soon got involved in the design and asked for the plane to carry 32 passengers. An order for two prototypes of the resulting Type 630 was placed in March 1946. It was powered by 4 Rolls-Royce Dart engines and would reach a cruising speed of 275 mph (443 km/h). This machine was completed at Brooklands by Chief Designer Rex Pierson and his staff in 1945. The prototype flew for the first time on July 16, 1948, and the second prototype was built as a test-bed for the Rolls-Royce Tay turbojets. Originally baptised Viceroy, the name had to be changed after the partition of India in 1947.

Type 700

The first prototype was placed into service with BEA on July 28, 1950 but was considered too small and slow, raising the per-passenger operating costs too high for regular service. So a new design was proposed as the Type 700, able to carry up to 53 passengers. This one first flew on August 28, 1950 and reached a cruising speed of 308 mph (496 km/h) thanks to its 1,381 hp (1,030 kW) turboprops. BEA ordered 20 Type 701 and the first plane was delivered in January 1953.

The Type 700D came with 1,576 hp (1,175 kW) engines, and the Type 724 included many improvements, such as a new fuel system, cold weather operation provisions, a two-pilot cockpit, and increased operating weights. Trans Canada Airlines (TCA) operated 15 of these machines. In the USA, Capital Airlines used 40 Type 745, Trans Canada Airlines operating 35 Type 757, a variant equipped with more powerful 1,600 hp (1,193 kW) Dart 510 engines. Finally, the Type 771D came as an improved 770D.
In total, 287 Type 700 series aircraft were built by Vickers.

Type 800 and 810

The final major change to the design was the Type 800 Super Viscount, stretched 3 ft 10 in (1.2 m) and carrying up to 71 passengers. 67 exemplars were built.
84 units of the Type 810 were built, powered by 1,991 hp (1,485 kW) engines.

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Specifications (Type 800)

  • Crew : 2 pilots + 2 cabin crew.
  • Capacity : 75 passengers.
  • Length : 85 ft 8 in (or 26.11 m).
  • Height : 26 ft 9 in (or 8.15 m).
  • Wingspan : 93 ft 8 in (or 28.56 m).
  • Wing area : 963 ft² (or 89 m²).
  • Empty weight : 41,479 lb (or 18,815 kg).
  • Maximum takeoff weight : 72,281 lb (or 32,786 kg).
  • Maximum speed : 352 mph (or 566 km/h).
  • Range : 1,735 miles (or 2,790 km).
  • Service ceiling : 28,000 ft (or 8,534 m).
  • Wing load : 75 lb/ft² (or 368 kg/m²).
  • Powerplant : 4 Rolls-Royce Dart RDa.7/1 Mk 525 turboprops.
  • Power : 2,100 shp (or 1,566 kW) each.

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