(North American) T-28 Trojan @·AIRCRAFTUBE

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North American T-28 Trojan

The T-28 Trojan was a piston-engined military trainer aircraft used by the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy beginning in the 1950s. Although the Air Force phased out the aircraft out of primary pilot training by the early 1960s, continuing use only for limited training of special operations aircrews and for primary training of select foreign military personnel, the aircraft continued to be used as a primary trainer by the Navy (and by default, the Marine Corps and Coast Guard) well into the early 1980s.

The largest single concentration of this aircraft was employed by the U.S. Navy at NAS Whiting Field in Milton, Florida in the training of student naval aviators. The last U.S. Navy training squadron to fly the T-28 was VT-27, based at NAS Corpus Cristi, Texas, flying the last T-28 training flight in early 1984. Many T-28s were subsequently sold to private civil operators, and due to their reasonable operating costs are often found flying as warbirds today.

Design and development

On 24 September 1949 the XT-28 (company designation NA-159) was flown for the first time, designed to replace the T-6 Texan. Found satisfactory, a contract was issued and between 1950 and 1957 a total of 1,948 were built. The T-28's service career ended by the introduction of the T-34 turboprop trainer.

Following the T-28's withdrawal from U.S. military service, a number were remanufactured by Hamilton Aircraft into two versions called the Nomair. The first refurbished machines, designated T-28R-1 were similar to the standard T-28s they were adapted from, and were supplied to the Brazilian Navy. Later, a more ambitious conversion was undertaken as the T-28R-2, which transformed the two-seat tandem aircraft into a five-seat cabin monoplane for general aviation use.

Operational history

In the COIN role, T-28s saw extensive service during the Vietnam War in VNAF hands, as well as the Secret War in Laos. They were also supplied to Congo by the CIA to support Moise Tshombe's regime. France used locally remanufactured T-28s in close-support and patrol roles in Algeria. In the Philippines, T-28s, known locally as "Tora-toras", figured prominently in a series of coup de etats in the 1980s and were employed as dive bombers by rebel military forces. The T-28 Trojan was the first US attack fixed wing aircraft (non-transport type) lost in South Vietnam, during the Vietnam War. Capt. Robert L. Simpson, USAF, Detachment 2A, lst Air Commando Group, and Lt. Hoa, SVNAF, were shot down by ground fire on 28 August 1962 while flying Close Air Support (CAS). Neither crewman survived. The USAF lost 23 T-28s to all causes during the war, with the last two losses occurring in 1968.

Variants

  • XT-28 : Prototype, 2 built.
  • T-28A : US Air Force version with an 800 hp (597 kW) R-1300 Cyclone engine, 1,194 built.
  • T-28B : US Navy version with 1,425 hp (1,063 kW) engine, 489 built.
  • T-28C : US Navy version, a T-28B with shortened propeller blade and tailhook for carrier landing training, 266 built.
  • T-28D Nomad : T-28As converted for the counter insurgency (COIN) role. Re-engined as per the T-28B and C, and fitted with six underwing hardpoints. Total 393 converted - 321 by NAA, plus 72 by Fairchild Hiller.
  • AT-28D : T-28Ds used for attack training by the USAF.
  • Fennec : Ex-USAF T-28As refurbished and modified by Sud-Aviation in France.
  • T-28R-1 Nomair : Ex-USAF T-28s refurbished for Brazilian Navy.
  • T-28R-2 Nomair : Ex-USAF T-28s converted into general aviation aircraft.

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This text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Source : Article North American T-28 Trojan of Wikipedia ( authors )

North American T-28 Trojan

  • Role : Trainer aircraft - Light attack.
  • Manufacturer : North American Aviation.
  • First flight : 24 September 1949.
  • Retired : 1994 Philippine Air Force.
  • Primary users :
    • United States Air Force.
    • United States Navy.
    • Republic of Vietnam Air Force.
    • French Air Force.
  • Produced : 1950–1957.
  • Number built : 1,948.
  • Developed from : North American XSN2J.
  • Developed into : AIDC T-CH-1.

    • Specifications (T-28D)

  • Crew : Two.
  • Length : 33 ft (or 10.06 m).
  • Height : 12 ft 8 in (or 3.86 m).
  • Wingspan : 40 ft 1 in (or 12.22 m).
  • Wing area : 268 ft² (or 24.9 m²).
  • Empty weight : 6,424 lb (or 2,914 kg).
  • Max takeoff weight : 8,500 lb (or 3,856 kg).
  • Maximum speed : 343 mph (or 552 km/h).
  • Service ceiling 35,500 ft (or 10,820 m).
  • Powerplant : One Wright R-1820-86 Cyclone radial engine.
  • Power : 1,425 hp (or 1,063 kW).

— — — = = — — —

This text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Source : Article North American T-28 Trojan of Wikipedia ( authors )
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